Japan Weather in January

January is the heart of winter in Japan, characterized by cold temperatures, low precipitation, and clear skies in many regions. However, the weather can vary significantly depending on the area, from snowy conditions in the northern regions to milder, relatively dry weather in the southern parts. The country’s diverse topography—from coastal plains to mountainous regions—means that travelers will encounter a wide range of climates during their stay.

Average Temperatures in January

Japan experiences cold temperatures in January, with regions in the north often experiencing snowfall and freezing conditions, while southern areas remain relatively mild.

• Northern Japan (Hokkaido and the Tohoku region): In January, the northern regions of Japan, especially Hokkaido, are typically cold with frequent snowfalls. Daytime temperatures can range from -5°C to -10°C (23°F to 14°F), with nighttime temperatures often dropping to -15°C to -20°C (5°F to -4°F). Hokkaido is renowned for its skiing resorts and snowy landscapes, making it a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts.
• Central Japan (Tokyo, Nagoya, and the Kanto region): Central Japan experiences cold, dry winters with occasional snowfall. The average daytime temperatures in Tokyo and surrounding areas hover around 5°C to 10°C (41°F to 50°F), with colder temperatures at night, usually between 0°C to 5°C (32°F to 41°F). The weather in these areas is dry, with clear skies being typical during this time of year.
• Southern Japan (Kyushu and Okinawa): The southern regions of Japan, including Kyushu and Okinawa, enjoy milder temperatures in January compared to the rest of the country. Daytime highs in Kyushu range from 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F), while nighttime lows are typically between 5°C and 10°C (41°F to 50°F). Okinawa, further south, has much warmer temperatures, ranging from 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F) during the day and cooling to 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F) at night.

Table: Average Temperatures and Precipitation in Japan (January) Over the Last 10 Years

The table above shows the average temperatures in Japan during January, with daytime highs typically ranging from 8°C to 12°C (46°F to 54°F), and nighttime lows falling between 0°C to 4°C (32°F to 39°F). Precipitation is relatively low in January, averaging around 40mm to 55mm over the past decade.

Precipitation Levels

January is one of the driest months in Japan, particularly in the central and southern regions. However, precipitation levels vary across the country:

• Northern Japan (Hokkaido and Tohoku): These areas receive heavy snowfall in January, particularly in Hokkaido, where the amount of snow can exceed 200mm in some areas. Cities like Sapporo often experience snowstorms, with ski resorts in the region seeing significant snow accumulation.
• Central Japan (Tokyo and Nagoya): The central regions of Japan typically experience very little rain in January, with only occasional snowfalls or light showers. Precipitation levels in Tokyo usually range between 40mm and 50mm, most of which falls as light rain or snow.
• Southern Japan (Kyushu and Okinawa): The southern regions see relatively dry conditions, although Okinawa experiences some rainfall, especially toward the end of the month. Rainfall amounts in these regions generally stay below 50mm in January.

Wind Patterns

January is generally a windy month in Japan, especially in the northern and coastal areas. The prevailing winds come from the northwest, as cold air from Siberia moves across the Sea of Japan. These winds can bring cold, dry air to much of the country, contributing to the clear skies and cold temperatures.

• Coastal Areas: Cities like Tokyo, Yokohama, and Osaka experience moderate winds in January, but these winds are not as strong as in the northern regions. Winds can be cold, especially in the evenings, with wind chill lowering the apparent temperature.
• Northern and Mountainous Regions: In the northern regions, particularly Hokkaido, strong winds from Siberia can result in blizzards and heavy snowfalls. The winds in these areas can make the temperature feel much colder than the actual air temperature, which is important for travelers to consider when dressing for the cold.
• Southern Japan: The southern regions, including Okinawa, experience milder winds, although they may still encounter occasional gusts from the north. Winds here are generally lighter and more pleasant compared to the rest of the country.

Atmospheric Pressure

Atmospheric pressure in January is relatively stable in Japan, but the country experiences low-pressure systems that can bring snow or rain, especially in the northern and western regions. The overall pressure in the atmosphere remains fairly high, which is typical of the dry winter conditions. The average atmospheric pressure is around 1010 hPa in most regions, although it may dip lower in areas experiencing storm systems or heavy snowfalls.

Things to Consider for a Traveler in January

Traveling to Japan in January requires preparation due to the cold temperatures and the possibility of snowfall, especially in northern and mountainous regions. Here are some important factors to consider when visiting Japan in January:

1. Clothing

• Warm Layers: Pack layers of clothing to adjust to varying temperatures. While the weather can be cold, particularly in the northern regions, layering will allow you to add or remove clothing as needed.
• Winter Gear: For travelers heading to regions like Hokkaido or the Japanese Alps, it is essential to bring winter gear such as thermal jackets, gloves, scarves, hats, and waterproof boots to stay warm and dry in snowy conditions.
• Comfortable Footwear: In areas with snow, it is essential to wear waterproof, insulated footwear to keep your feet warm and dry.

2. Snow and Ice

• Slippery Roads: In cities like Sapporo, snow accumulation can make streets slippery. Be cautious while walking on icy sidewalks and roads. Some cities may also have snow removal services to clear roads, but delays can occur during heavy snowfalls.
• Snow Sports: If you plan to engage in skiing, snowboarding, or other winter sports, January is an ideal time to visit regions like Hokkaido, Nagano, and Niigata, which are known for their world-class ski resorts.

3. Health and Safety

• Cold-Related Illnesses: The cold temperatures in January can pose a risk for cold-related illnesses such as hypothermia or frostbite, especially in northern and mountainous regions. Dress appropriately for the weather and limit your exposure to extreme cold.
• Hydration: Despite the cold, staying hydrated is essential. The dry winter air can lead to dehydration, so ensure that you drink enough fluids throughout the day.

4. Cultural Events and Festivals

• New Year Celebrations: January is an important month in Japan as it marks the beginning of the new year. Many temples and shrines hold special New Year’s rituals, and families celebrate with various traditions, such as eating osechi (traditional New Year’s food) and visiting shrines. Be aware that many businesses close during the first few days of January.
• Snow Festivals: In areas like Sapporo, the annual Sapporo Snow Festival begins in early February, but some events related to snow and ice sculptures may begin in late January, providing a fantastic opportunity for visitors to experience these winter wonders.

5. Travel Disruptions

• Transportation Delays: While the transportation system in Japan is highly efficient, heavy snowfalls in northern areas can occasionally cause delays or disruptions, especially in rural regions or mountainous areas. Be prepared for travel delays and check the weather forecasts if you’re planning to travel by train, bus, or plane.

Things to Do in Japan in January

Despite the cold temperatures, January offers unique opportunities for travelers to enjoy Japan’s winter beauty and cultural events. Here are some activities you can enjoy during this month:

1. Skiing and Snowboarding in Hokkaido and Nagano

• Japan is known for its excellent ski resorts, and January offers optimal conditions for skiing and snowboarding. Hokkaido, particularly the Niseko area, is famous for its deep powder snow, while Nagano offers a variety of slopes for all skill levels.

2. Visit Snow Monkeys in Nagano

• The Jigokudani Monkey Park in Nagano is famous for its hot spring-loving snow monkeys. January is a great time to visit as the monkeys gather around the warm springs, creating a unique winter spectacle.

3. Onsen Hot Springs

• Japan’s hot springs (onsen) are especially inviting during the winter months. After a day of sightseeing or skiing, relax in an outdoor onsen while enjoying the surrounding snowy landscape. Popular onsen towns like Hakone and Beppu are perfect for this experience.

4. New Year’s Celebrations and Traditions

• January is the perfect time to experience Japanese New Year’s traditions. Visit shrines like Meiji Shrine in Tokyo for the first shrine visit of the year (Hatsumode), participate in local festivals, and enjoy New Year’s food and sweets.

5. Winter Scenery and Photography

• Japan’s winter scenery is beautiful and offers many opportunities for photography. From the snow-covered temples in Kyoto to the icy landscapes of Hokkaido, January provides a winter wonderland for visitors interested in capturing stunning photos.